Thing leh maute hi

Chipko Movement (1973) a rawn intan khân an auhla ber chu “Kan harh chhuak a, kan tho chhuak e. Kan chanvo hi rûkruten min rûksak tûr a ni lo. Kan in leh lo a ni a, kan ramngaw a ni. Midangin thutlûkna min siamsak tûr a ni lo,” tih a ni. Kum 1854-a Red Indian mite mingo hovin an beih khân an lalpain America President Franklin Pierce-a hnênah heti hian lehkha a thawn, “Thil zawng zawng hi chhûngkhat thisena inzawm ang hian a inzawm tlat a, mihring hian nunna zai khat pawh a tah lova nunna zai khat lo awm ve chauh a ni. Chu thil zawmna chu a tihbuai zawh poh leh a buai ve a ni mai.” Khawvêla kan thlai chîn 75% leh pangpar 90% inthlah chhâwntîrtute chu sava, bâk, khuai leh phêngphehlepte an ni. Khawizu kg chanve siam tûrin khuai hian pangpâr maktaduai 2 a tlawh a ngai. Changpât hian leia bawlhhlawh eiin thlai tân lei tha chi hrang hrang a e chhuak leh a ‘lo neitute thian’ an ti hial rêng a ni.

Ramngaw, thing leh maute hi boruak thianghlim min petu a ni a, thing pangngai kum 50-a upa hian oxygen chêng nuai 5.5 man hû vêl a pe chhuak thei. Thing puitling pangngai 30-50 ft. hian air conditioner 5 vêl hena chhût a ni bawk. Mizoramah ramngaw chhah tha tih tlâk 3158.57 sq.km (14.98%) leh ngaw pangngai 2628 sq.km (12.46%) chauh kan nei tawh. Ramngaw thiah leh hâl vangin Mizoramah lei chung lâng hâng tha kum tin ton 10-20 luang ral zêl ang a ni. Indian Constitution Article 48A leh Article 51A(g)-ah pawh mimal leh state tinin environment leh ramngaw humhalh tûra mawhphurhna (duty) kan neih thu a chuang.

Red Indian Cree thufing chuan heti hian a ti “Kan thingkûng neih chhun a thih hunah, kan lui neih chhun tûra kan tihbawlhhlawh hunah leh sangha awm chhun man zawh a nih hunah chauh sum hi ei theih a ni lo tih kan hrechhuak ang.”

Kum 1730 khân Amrita Devi leh midang 362 te chuan thing an humhalh avangin ni khat thil thu-ah an nunna an hloh a. Rajasthan Maharaja in sakna tûr sipaihoin thing kih an tum chu phal lovin “Thing pakhat in kih ai chuan ka lu hi tan mai rawh u” tiin thingkûng chu an kuah tlat a. Sipaiho chuan thingkûng chu mihring chawpin an râwt hmiah hmiah mai a ni. Thil awmzia Maharaja-in a lo hriat chuan thing kih chu titâwp tûrin thu a pe ta nghâl a.

India ramngaw chuan chhiat lam a pan zêl a. Khawpui mi hausaten anmahni mamawh atân leh sumdawn nân ramngaw an thiat duai duai a. Heti anga ramngaw thiah an duh lohzia lantîr nân Himalaya district, Uttar Pradesh thingtlâng mite chuan Gandhi-a Satyagraha (Non-Violence) entawnin kum 1973 khân Chipko Movement an tichhuak a. A awmzia chu ‘pawm/kuah’ tihna a ni. Thing kittute an lo kalin thing chu an kuah tlat a, an nunna hloh pawh an hlau eih lo. Chuti ang chuan thing leh mau an humhalh a, an thiltih chuan India ram pum a nghawr chhuak nghâl a. He movement avang hian khatih hun laia India Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi khân Himalaya district-ah kum 15 chhûng thing hring kih thlûk a khap nghe nghe a ni. Ram pumah darh nghâlin hmun tam takah movement hlawhtling tak a ni nghe nghe. Hêng bâkah hian ramngaw humhalhna movement hrang hrang tam tak a awm – The Silent Valley Project, 1976 (Kerala), Save The Forest Movement (Jungle Bachao Andolan), 1983 (Bihar) leh a dangte. Sawrkarin hmasawnna (development) hna thawh a tumna lamah ramngaw tihchhiat leh tihchereu a tûl thin a, chumi do lêt nân movement hrang hrang a lo chhuak a ni. Mipuiten tichereu lovin theih tâwpin thing leh mau an humhalh zâwk thin.

Khawvêl pawhin environment humhalh chungchang hi vei berah a neih a. Kum 1992 khân UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED or the Earth Summit) chu Rio de Janeiro-ah neih a ni a. Agenda 21 lai neiin ram 172 an tel. Ram ropui leh changkâng te vei ber chu environment humhalh hi a ni. United Nations pawhin kum 2012 khân Rio de Janeiro-ah Earth Summit pawimawh tak a nei leh a ni.

The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (Amendment 1993) Chapter IV, Section 18(1) – state sawrkârin humhalh tlâka a ngaih chu sanctuary atân a puang thei ang. Section 19 – sanctuary-a puan a nih dâwnin collector (Chief Officer in charge of the revenue administration of a district)-in a hmun a enfiah hmasa ang a, a huam china mihring chêngte hnênah a sawifiah anga an remtihna a la hmasa ang. Section 21(a) – sanctuary-a puan a nih tûr chhan leh sanctuary huam chin chumi hnaivaia mite hnênah a hriattîr ang; (b) – sanctuary-a puan (proclamation) a nih tûr thu hriattîrna tihchhuah atanga thla hnih chhûngin a huam china chêngten collector hnênah an ram chin dik tak leh compensation chungchang te kimchang takin an thehlût ang. Section 26(a) – compensation leh thil tûl hrang hrang tihfel hun tiam chhûng a tâwp a, harsatna a awm loh chuan state sawrkarin sanctuary atân a puang thei ang. (The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 hi Mizoramah 1st October, 1974 atanga hman tan a ni).

The Indian Forest Act, 1927 Chapter IV, Section 33 – sanctuary leh reserved forest chhûnga phalna loa thing leh mau la chu thla ruk chhûng tân emaw Rs. 5000 chawi emaw a pahniha hrem theih an ni. Chapter VII, Section 41 – protected area chhûnga thing leh mau lâk leh phurh chungchangah state sawrkarin dan leh hrai a duang ang. Chapter VII, Section 41(3) – state sawrkar dân siam hian protected area pâwn lam a huam lo.

India sawrkar mai ni lovin khawvêl pumpui hian thing leh mau leh nungcha humhalh beihpui a thlâk tak meuh a. A humhalhna dân pawh tam tak an zam a, dân bawhchhetute pawh dîm hauh lovin an hrem thin. Sawrkarin tuikhuah (dam) leh industry hmun atân tiin ramngaw thiah an tum thin a. Mipuiten phal lovin an dang tâng tâng a, kan sawi tâk ang khân nunna hial hloh te pawh an awm nual rêng a ni. Thing leh mau hlutzia kan hriat a, kan humhalh lehzual a tûl hle. Thing leh mau tel lovin kan awm thei lo tih kan inhre theuh, chumi avanga duh duha lâk tûr tihna erawh a ni lo.

The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (Amendment 1993) Chapter IV, Section 27 hnuaiah sanctuary huam china chêng mihringte chu zalên taka an vei-vah phalsak an ni a; amaherawhchu, phalna (permit) nei lo chuan engmah an ti thiang lo. Section 28 hnuaiah Chief Wildlife Warden-in phalna a pe thei a, a pêk theih chin chu – zirna, thlalâk, scientific research, tourism leh sanctuary huam china chêngten sawrkar phal sumdâwnna kalkawng atân. Sanctuary chhûnga luh leh chênchilh tûrin phalna lâk hmasak a ngai a, fee te pawh pêk a ngai thin. Chapter 28 hnuaiah sanctuary chhûnga luh phalna leh chên phalna (permit) neih theih a ni a. The Environment Protection Act, 1986 Chapter 10 hnuaiah sanctuary chhûnga luh phalna pêk theih a ni bawk. Amaherawhchu, hêng dân hnuaiah hian sanctuary huam chhûnga thing leh mau lâk phalna erawh a awm lo. A pâwng-a-taka thing leh mau lâk phalna dân hi a awm ka hre lo (a lo awm mial maithei bawk).

Khawvêlah mihring 7 billion chuang kan awm tawh a, 2011 census final result Mizoram pumah mihring 10,97,206 kan awm. Mihring kan pung zêl a, thing leh mau kan mamawhna pawh a sâng chak hle. Khawvel hian kan mamawh tâwk chu min la pe zo khawp mai. Mamawh chuang liam kan lâk vak vak hian kan chhiat phah ta thin a ni. Rua hi kum khatah 1-2 feet vêlin a thang hman a, mautak hi kum khatah 3-5 feet vêlin a thang hman. Tichuan mau hrim hrim hi kum 5-7 chhûngin hman tlâkin an thang lian hman a ni. Thing thang chak lo chi chu kum khatah 12 inch vêl an thang hman a, a laihawl hi 13-24 inch leh a thang chak zual hi kum khatah 25 inch leh a aia tam tein a thang hman. Thingkûng pakhat puitlin nân kum tam a ngaihzia leh thingkûng puitling tangkai sizia chu kan hrethiam theuh âwm e.

Kan ram zim têa thing leh mau, ramhmul leh nungcha tinrêng te hi a theih chen chenah i humhalh tlat ang u. Thing pakhat kan kih hian a dam laia a hlutna zâtve pawhin kan siam chhuak thei tawh lo. Mahni tânghma chauh hai loin kan tu leh fate tân ram nuam siam i tum ang u. Sawrkar kut chauh chu a tawi lua e, a hmuna chêng mipuite hi kan pawimawh ber. Nunna thâp hial khawpa thing leh mau kan ngaihhlut hunah Mizoram hi ram nuam takah kan chan ngei ang.

Posted in: Ram leh Hnam